Certified Production & Operations Manager (POM) Practice Exam

Which type of layout typically emphasizes high efficiency in production?

1. Process-focused layout

2. Product-focused layout

3. Fixed-position layout

4. Functional layout

The correct answer is: Product-focused layout

A product-focused layout, also known as a line layout, is specifically designed to enhance the efficiency of production processes. This type of layout is structured around the manufacturing of a specific product or range of similar products, allowing for streamlined and continuous production flows. The arrangement of machinery and workstations is optimized to minimize handling time and maximize output. In this layout, resources are organized in a sequential manner that reflects the steps needed to produce the final product. This results in a reduction of work-in-progress inventory, less material movement, and shorter processing times. The predictable, repetitive nature of the production process in a product-focused layout facilitates high volumes of output, thus emphasizing efficiency. In contrast, a process-focused layout is designed around the function of processes, often leading to more variation in workflow and potentially higher inefficiencies. Fixed-position layouts are used for large or bulky items where the production location remains stationary, necessitating transportation of tools and workers instead of products. Functional layouts sort similar operations or processes together, which can also lead to inefficiencies due to the increased distance items must travel between different functions. Therefore, the product-focused layout stands out as the most efficient choice for high-volume production settings.